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 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ku"lmu"r/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"male chamoisface="Times New Roman Star"самец серны
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lmu"z (KB)







face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lbu"s
face="Times New Roman Star"ku"lmu"s



face="Times New Roman Star"xu"lbu"sface="Times New Roman Star"xu"lbu"s









face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 5, 139, Лексика 153.
face="Times New Roman Star"*[j]eglekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"storkface="Times New Roman Star"аист

face="Times New Roman Star"leglek




face="Times New Roman Star"la"jla"k



















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 316 (hardly from Arab.)
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"l/u"nface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 shoulder joint 2 shoulder bone 3 chest 4 collar bone 5 shoulderface="Times New Roman Star"1 плечевой сгиб 2 плечевая кость 3 грудь 4 ключица 5 плечоface="Times New Roman Star"o"s?u"n (OUygh.) 'some body part (shoulder joint?)'face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?u"n (MK) 1
face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) u"z?u"n 2

face="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) o"s?ni, o"s?ne 5



face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?tu" 5face="Times New Roman Star"o"z?u"n 4



face="Times New Roman Star"o"z?u"n 'upper arm'face="Times New Roman Star"o"'x/u"n 5



face="Times New Roman Star"o"s?u"n 3




face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 263, Дыбо 160, Лексика 241-242. Stachowski 201 compares also Yak., Dolg. o"ttu"k 'hip' ( < *o"l/u"n-ik).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ku"du"-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"affairface="Times New Roman Star"делоface="Times New Roman Star"is? ku"du"k (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"is? ku"d|u"k (KB)











face="Times New Roman Star"k@r@s?- 'to hire, be hired'













face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 702.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kok-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to smell badly, to give out a smell of burningface="Times New Roman Star"плохо пахнуть, пахнуть горелым
face="Times New Roman Star"qoq- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kok-




face="Times New Roman Star"Goxu (n.), Goxu-face="Times New Roman Star"qoq (n.), qoqa-










face="Times New Roman Star"qoqy- 'to be fragrant'

face="Times New Roman Star"qoq-face="Times New Roman Star"qoqu, qoqy (n.)


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 609, ЭСТЯ 6, 34.
face="Times New Roman Star"*op-ra-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to wear out (intr.), decayface="Times New Roman Star"изнашиваться, старетьface="Times New Roman Star"apra- 1 (OUygh. ?)face="Times New Roman Star"opra- 1 (MK, KB)

face="Times New Roman Star"opra-/opran-, ofra-/ofran 1 (Sangl.)























face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 515, EDT 14.
face="Times New Roman Star"*apa-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"grasshopperface="Times New Roman Star"кузнечик










face="Times New Roman Star"abac?aqface="Times New Roman Star"abac?yjaq
face="Times New Roman Star"oba l@w|b@w|z?@w| 'бабочка совка', oba nъrri 'медведка (насекомое)'













face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 1. Contaminations with abac?y 'чучело', aba 'father > bear'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*KApun| (?)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"bumble-beeface="Times New Roman Star"шмельface="Times New Roman Star"qabun| (OUygh. - Suv.)



























face="Times New Roman Star"ДТС 399.
face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)an|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 vehicle, cart 2 skis, sleighface="Times New Roman Star"1 повозка 2 лыжи, саниface="Times New Roman Star"qan|ly (OUygh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ly (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"kag|ny, dial. kanny, kangylly 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ly (Sangl., Houts., AH) 1




face="Times New Roman Star"xan|a: 1face="Times New Roman Star"qan|na 2




face="Times New Roman Star"xa:k 2face="Times New Roman Star"qan|ha 2 (ФиЛ 91)







face="Times New Roman Star"g|an|ly 1
face="Times New Roman Star"TMN 3, 531, EDT 638, ЭСТЯ 5, 259-260, Лексика 533.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kartalface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"variegated (sheep)face="Times New Roman Star"пестрый (баран)
face="Times New Roman Star"qartal qoj (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 648-649.
face="Times New Roman Star"*KEn|di-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to gnawface="Times New Roman Star"глодать
face="Times New Roman Star"ken|di- (KB)







face="Times New Roman Star"ken|ne- (R. Sag.)face="Times New Roman Star"ken|di-
















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 253 (all forms found only in Radlov's dictionary: R 2, 1071, 1072).
face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:c?aface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"earthenware vessel, cupface="Times New Roman Star"глиняный сосуд, чаша
face="Times New Roman Star"qac?a (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kap-kaz?|ak


face="Times New Roman Star"qac?a
face="Times New Roman Star"Gab-Gaz?|aGface="Times New Roman Star"Ga:p-Ga:z?|aG




face="Times New Roman Star"xa:hax 'big leather-bag, big leather-sack'












face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 217 (hardly < Pers.), EDT 590, ЭСТЯ 5, 342-343.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jir/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"Artemisia abrotononface="Times New Roman Star"вид полыниface="Times New Roman Star"jiz ( ? -e-) (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jiz ( ? -e-) (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 982, VEWT 204.
face="Times New Roman Star"*job-lac? (*jabu-lac?)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"fine goat's hairface="Times New Roman Star"тонкая козья шерсть
face="Times New Roman Star"jovlac? (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 870.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jAlmaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"a thick quilted coatface="Times New Roman Star"толстая стеганая курткаface="Times New Roman Star"jalma (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jalma (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 929, TMN 4, 190-192.
face="Times New Roman Star"*(i)a>baface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"poison; evilface="Times New Roman Star"яд; досада, гнев














face="Times New Roman Star"aba; aba-r- 'to be angry'face="Times New Roman Star"abala:- 'to be angry'face="Times New Roman Star"o: 'poison; ferret's musk'










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 9, Рясянен 1955, 67, ЭСТЯ I 67, Stachowski 27. The root is very close to another one, *a:gu (v. sub *a:/gi), with the same meaning; the reflexes may be phonetically distinguished in Yak. and Tuva (Tuva *agu > a:, cf. Tof. a: 'poison'), in other languages the two roots must have coincided.
face="Times New Roman Star"*japyl/gakface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 small louse 2 nit 3 a k. of gad-fly 4 leechface="Times New Roman Star"1 маленькая вошь 2 гнида 3 вид овода 4 пиявка


face="Times New Roman Star"jabys?qaq 2, 3




face="Times New Roman Star"japys?aq 1

face="Times New Roman Star"japs?yq, d/aps?yq 3








face="Times New Roman Star"ja"bes?ke|k 1, 2
face="Times New Roman Star"japys?qan 4



face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 4, 134.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo"gen
face="Times New Roman Star"large intestineface="Times New Roman Star"толстая кишка
face="Times New Roman Star"bo"gen (MK)






face="Times New Roman Star"bo"venface="Times New Roman Star"po":n
face="Times New Roman Star"mo":n



face="Times New Roman Star"mo":n
face="Times New Roman Star"mo":n

face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ja"n


face="Times New Roman Star"bu"jen

face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 2, 205, Лексика 279, VEWT 83, EDT 328.
face="Times New Roman Star"*je.ru"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 alder 2 cedarface="Times New Roman Star"1 ольха 2 кедр


face="Times New Roman Star"jerek, jo"rek 1






face="Times New Roman Star"ju"rgek 2face="Times New Roman Star"ju"ru"k 2
face="Times New Roman Star"s/ir@k 1






face="Times New Roman Star"jerek 1face="Times New Roman Star"z?|erk 1




face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 4, 206-207, VEWT 204, Лексика 130-131. Turk. > Hung. gyu?ru? 'maple'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ja.gyr/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"brownface="Times New Roman Star"бурыйface="Times New Roman Star"jag|yz (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"jag|yz (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"jag|yz, jayz
face="Times New Roman Star"jag|yz (AH), jowuz (Ettuhf.)



face="Times New Roman Star"jag|yz



face="Times New Roman Star"s/yr(ъ)








face="Times New Roman Star"ja:z


face="Times New Roman Star"jawuzface="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 4, 64-65, EDT 909. Despite Poppe 61, Владимирцов 267 and Clauson (EDT 909) Mong. dajir 'brown' - with which they would like to compare the Turkic form - does not exist.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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